Authors: Olena CHYGRYN
Abstract: These days the environmental challenges begin to play crucial role in sustainable development of the countries and regions. European environmental policy aims in the creation of a favorable framework for the development of green entrepreneurship. The paper deals with the analysis of EU experience in supporting and promoting the green entrepreneurship. The author analyzed and systematized the EU trends in GHG emission. The main features and parts of the green economy are described. The author emphasizes that EU has the huge experience in the sphere of developing and providing relevant green activities, which can be used by Ukraine for implementation green entrepreneurship projects on the different levels of the economy. Thus, the green positive practices in Austria, Hungary, Ireland and Spain were described. The author underlines that green entrepreneurship for Ukraine is one of the necessary conditions for improving the environmental status, solving the problems with the rational use of natural resources, increasing the welfare of the citizen, integration into the European Union and to ensure the green of innovative development. The activities which are necessary for mainstreaming for Ukraine’s integrating to the European sustainable entrepreneurship space were considered.
Keywords: entrepreneurship, European Union, green economy, funding, supporting;
Pages: 6-13 | Full text (PDF)
Authors: Paul LUCIAN
Abstract: Following the reform of the Cohesion Policy in 2014-2020, two key objectives and 11 thematic objectives were set. These objectives are allocated to the European Structural and Cohesion Funds (ESCF). SCFs are part of the European Structural and Investment Fund (FSIE) which includes 5 funds, namely: The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the European Social Fund (ESF), the Cohesion Fund (CF), the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), the European Fund for Fisheries and Maritime Affairs (FEPAM). . The reform of access to European funds is regulated by a new regulation, namely the Regulation of the Common Provisions (RCP) no. 1303/2013. The new regulation contains two types of regulations, regulations common to the five Funds (FSFE), but also specific rules for each fund. Initially, the two types of regulations seem to create confusion, but art. 66 of the RCP specifies that FSIE is used to provide support in the form of grants, prizes, reimbursable assistance, financial instruments or a combination of these. In the RDC, it is stipulated that operational programs benefiting from contributions from the Cohesion Fund are drawn up at national level, which did not exist during the 2007-2013 programming period. Ex ante evaluations are also conditional requirements for the approval of programs in each Member State.
Keywords: Cohesion policy, key objectives, cohesion fund, structural funds, programming period.
Pages: 14-18 | Full text (PDF)
Authors: Piotr BIEGASIEWICZ
Abstract: The purpose of the article is to present the ideology and socio-political program of the Gdansk liberals. Subsequently, an attempt will be made to incorporate the concept of the Gdansk liberals in the party program of the Liberal Democratic Congress (Kongres Liberalno-Demokratyczny). The introduction focuses on the definition of intellectual formation called the Gdansk liberals. Further the author introduces the basic ideas, the political program (system of state, privatization as an attempt to create a middle class, regionalism, and the issue of “liberal revolution”). The article ends with reflections on the relationship of Gdansk’s liberals to Congress.
Keywords: Gdansk Liberals, parliamentary democracy, privatization, regionalism, Poland
Pages: 19-34 | Full text (PDF)
Authors: Kaspars VIKSNE, Santa BORMANE, Haidong FENG
Abstract: One of the key performance indicators of brand success is its value. Brand value is an outcome of brand`s performance in market, and is largely depended from brand`s ability to satisfy certain customer needs. For the greatest success in the world`s market brand should resonate its ability to satisfy some of customer`s most universal needs. In this paper authors strives to find out which of the needs world`s most successful brands are resonating with. Therefore paper goal is to is to determine what customer needs world`s most valuable brands are primarily satisfying. First part of paper authors briefly evaluate Maslow theory of needs. In second part of paper authors identify main challenges of brand valuation, and briefly describe today`s most valuable brands. In third part of paper authors analyzes if resonating certain human need in brand makes it to be more valuable. In last part of paper authors summarizes the main findings and gives recommendations for better marketing practices to other brands whose owners have high market ambitions. In order to attain the paper`s goal, authors will use following research methods: Comparative analysis for comparing brands in different brand rankings; Content analysis for determining what need satisfaction brand advertisements resonate; Data analysis for quantify the results gathered from content analysis;.
Keywords: Brand rankings, Customer needs, Maslow hierarchy of needs
Pages: 35-42 | Full text (PDF)